Electrochemical modification of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with cobalt ferrite/ reduced graphene oxide composite material comprising polyaniline for dissolved oxygen analysis in water

Abstract

The study focuses on the enhancement of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) performance through electrochemical modification with a composite material comprising polyaniline (PANi) conducting polymer and CoFe₂O₄/reduced graphene oxide (CF/rGO) for the analysis of dissolved oxygen in water. Characterization methods, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), were employed to elucidate the chemical bonding of functional groups within the PANi membrane and modified PANi on the surface of the GCE electrodes as well as examine the surface morphology. Electrochemical studies were conducted to evaluate the electrochemical activity of the modified electrodes, GCE/PANi and GCE/PANi/CF/rGO. Electrochemical studies were conducted to evaluate the electrochemical activity of the modified electrodes, GCE/PANi and GCE/PANi/CF/rGO. Notably, the electrochemically active surface area of the modified electrodes significantly increased, from 0,0756 cm² (GCE), 0,1106 cm² (GCE/PANi) to 0,1774 cm² (GCE/PANi/CF/rGO), in addition the peak current intensity (Ip) on the modified electrodes GCE/PANi and GCE/PANi/CF/rGO also increased compared to the unmodified electrode (GCE), Ip increased from 0,0767.10^-3 (A) to 0,18 x 10^-3 (A), resulting in an increased ability to sense dissolved oxygen in water.