Synthesis of nano ZnO particle as an effective activator for rubber vulcanization process

Pham Ho Anh Tu; Nguyen Anh Vu; To Le Thu; Nguyen Han Long

doi:10.51316/jca.2020.036

Authors

Pham Ho Anh Tu School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology Author
Nguyen Anh Vu School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology Author
To Le Thu Hanoi University of Science and Technology Author
Nguyen Han Long School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51316/jca.2020.036

Keywords:

Nano ZnO, natural rubber, vulcanization dynamic, cross-linking density

Abstract

Nano ZnO particle was synthesized by precipitation method using Zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄.0.5H₂O) as a precursor, and sodium hydroxide solution was used as a medium with and without the dispersant polyacrylamide. Various factors affecting the preparation such as pH, temperature, and crystallization time, were investigated. The nano ZnO particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction and SEM. It was found that nano ZnO particles with the size about 15 nm was successfully produced with high crystallinity and purity. The optimum conditions for nano ZnO preparation were pH 9, the temperature at 40^oC, and crystallization time of 1 hour. The synthesized nano ZnO particle as an activator for sulfur vulcanization of rubber was studied. It showed that the synthesized nano ZnO has activated rubber vulcanization process faster and created more cross-linking.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

S. J. Pearton, D.P.Norton, K.Ip, Y.W. Heo, T. Steiner, Progress in Materials Science 50 issue 3, (2004) 293-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2004.04.001

Zu P, Tang ZK, Wong GKL, Kawasaki M, Ohtomo A, Koinuma K, Solid State Communications 103 issue 8, (1997) 459-463. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-1098(97)00216-0

S. J. Pearton, D. P. Norton, K. Ip, Y. W. Heo, T. Steiner, Superlattices and Microstructures 34 issues 1-2, (2003) 03-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-6036(03)00093-4

P. F. Carcia, R. S. McLean, M. H. Reilly, G. Nunes Jr, Applied Physics Letters 82 Issue 7, (2003) 1117. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1553997

Masuo Hosokawa, Makio Naito, Kiyoshi Noghi, Toyokazu Yokoyama, Nanoparticle technolory Handbook, (2007)

Yury Gogotsi, Nanomaterials Handbook, 2006.

M. J. Pitkethly, Materials Today 7 issue 12, (2004) 20-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-7021(04)00627-3

S. Y. Purwaningsih, S. Pratapa, Triwikantoro, Darminto, AIP Conference Proceedings 1725 issue 1, (2016) 0200631-7. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4945517.

A.N.El-Shazly, M.M.Rashad, E.A.Abdel-Aal, I.A.Ibrahim, M.F.El-Shahat, Ahmed E.Shalan, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 4 Issue 3, (2016) 3177-3184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2016.06.018

SY Purwaningsih, S. Pratapa, Triwikantoro, Darminto, AIP Conference Proceedings, 1710 issue 1, (2016) 03040. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4941506

M. F. Khan, A. H. Ansari, M. Hameedullah, Scientific Reports 06, Sol-gel synthesis of thorn-like ZnO nanoparticles endorsing mechanical stirring effect and their antimicrobial activities: Potential role as nano-antibiotics (2016), 1-12.

Dong Qian, Leif Gerward, J. Z. Jiang, The journal of physical chemistry 108 issue 39, (2004) 14434-15435. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp037796j

Oleg Lupan, Lee Chow, Guangyu Chai, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 141 Issue 2, (2009) 511-517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2009.07.011.

W. Zeng, F. Gou, Y. Qian, Advanced Functional Materials 15 issue 2, (2005) 331-335. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200400080

L. Vayssieres, Advandced Materials 15 issue 5, (2003) 464-466. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200390108

Xiulan Hu, Yoshitake Masuda, Tatsuki Ohji, Kazumi Kato,

Materials Science Forum 620-622, (2009) 477- 80. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.620-622.477

F. S.-S. Chien, C. R. Wang, Y.-L. Chan, H. L. Lin, M. H. Chen, R.J. Wu, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 144 issue 1, (2010) 120-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2009.10.043

Y. R. Uhm, B. S. Han, M. K. Lee, S. J. Hong, C. K. Rhee, Materials Science and Engineering A 448-451, (2007) 813-816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.02.427

O. Tigli and J. Juhala, A single ZnO tetrapod-based sensor, Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology (NANO '11), (2011) 608-611.

ABI SANTHOSH APREM, KURUVILLA JOSEPH, (2001) 26-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-7021(04)00286-X2.

Suchismita Sahoo, Madhuchhanda Maiti, Anirban Ganguly, Jinu Jacob George, Anil K. Bhowmick, Journal of Applied Polymer Science 105 Issue 4, (2007). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.26296

J. Goldstein, D. Newbury, D. Joy, C. Lyman, P. Echlin, E. Lifshin,L. Sawyer, J. Michael, Geological Magazine 140 issue 6, (2003) 728-729. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756803238838