Synthesis of g-C3N4@Fe-UiO-66-NH2 composite photocatalyst for persulfate-assisted degradation of 2,4,6-trinitroresorcinol under visible-light irradiation

Nguyen Trung Dung; Tran Quang Dat; Nguyen Thi Van Anh; Do Tuyet Nhung; Nguyen Thi Thu Hoa; Le Hai Dang; Hoang Thi Ngoc Anh; Dao Minh Hoang

doi:10.62239/jca.2026.031

Authors

Nguyen Trung Dung Faculty of Physics and Chemical Engineering, Le Quy Don Technical University
Tran Quang Dat Faculty of Physics and Chemical Engineering, Le Quy Don Technical University
Nguyen Thi Van Anh International Analysis Center, University of Industry and Trade
Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT)
Do Tuyet Nhung Faculty of chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education
Nguyen Thi Thu Hoa Faculty of Physics and Chemical Engineering, Le Quy Don Technical University, 236 Hoang Quoc Viet street, Nghia Do ward, HaNoi, VietNam.
Le Hai Dang Faculty of chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education
Hoang Thi Ngoc Anh Faculty of chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education
Dao Minh Hoang Faculty of chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62239/jca.2026.031

Keywords:

Photocatalyst, g-C3N4@Fe-UiO-66-NH2, persulfate activation, visible, 2,4,6-trinitroresorcinol

Abstract

This study reports the synthesis of a g-C₃N₄@Fe-UiO-66-NH₂ (CN@FU) composite photocatalyst for persulfate-assisted degradation of 2,4,6-trinitroresorcinol (TNR) under visible-light irradiation. The composite was successfully fabricated from g-C₃N₄ and Fe-UiO-66-NH₂, and its structural, morphological, textural, optical, and charge-transfer properties were confirmed by XRD, FTIR, SEM–EDX, BET, UV–Vis DRS, and PL analyses. The CN@FU composite exhibited enhanced visible-light absorption, suppressed electron–hole recombination, and a mesoporous structure with a high specific surface area, providing favorable conditions for pollutant adsorption and persulfate activation. Under optimized conditions, the CN@FU/Na₂S₂O₈/visible-light system achieved 91.45% TNR removal within 120 min. Quenching experiments revealed that multiple reactive species were involved in the degradation process, with singlet oxygen (¹O₂) playing the dominant role, while O₂^·-, SO4^·-/^·OH, and h⁺ also contributed. These findings demonstrate that CN@FU is an efficient visible-light-driven photocatalyst for persulfate activation and holds great potential for the treatment of TNR-contaminated wastewater.

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