Removal of Cd2+ from aqueous solution using hydroxyapatite: study on adsorption-desorption

Thi Duyen Le; Thi Phuong Thao Le; Bùi Hoàng Bắc; Thu Hue Lai; Tien Dung Cong

doi:10.62239/jca.2026.027

Authors

Le Thi Duyen Hanoi University of Mining and Geology
Le Thi Phuong Thao Hanoi University of Mining and Geology
Bui Hoang Bac Hanoi University of Mining and Geology
Lai Thu Hue Center for Geological Analysis and Testing, Vietnam Geological Department
Cong Tien Dung Hanoi University of Mining and Geology

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62239/jca.2026.027

Keywords:

Hydroxyapatite, Adsorption, desorption, Cd2+ ion

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) obtained from a chemical synthesis method was used to remove Cd²⁺ ions from an aqueous solution and investigate the effects of different factors on the adsorption capacity and efficiency of HAp for Cd²⁺ ions. The optimal conditions determined were 0.05 g mass of HAp per 50 mL of solution, initial Cd²⁺ concentration of
50 mg/L, contact time of 60 min, pH of 6.48, and room temperature (25 °C). Under these conditions, the adsorption efficiency and capacity obtained were 94.994 % and 47.497 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption process was studied using non-linear adsorption isotherms according to Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson. The adsorption kinetics were investigated using non-linear lines according to two pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. Desorption experiments were conducted with a deep eutectic solvent based on choline chloride and urea (Reline) by electrochemical method. The results showed that 94.12 % of Cd metal could be recovered from 0.1 g Cd-HAp by electrodeposition after 8 h, using a cathode current of 5 mA at 60 °C.

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