Experimental Optimization for the Synthesis of Fatty Acid Amides from Coconut Oil

NguyenVu Vu; Nguyễn Đặng Bình Thành Phan; Thị Hải Nam Chu; Hoàng Hữu Hiệp; Nguyễn Hồng Liên

doi:10.62239/jca.2025.027

Experimental Optimization for the Synthesis of Fatty Acid Amides from Coconut Oil

Authors

Nguyen Anh Vu School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam
Nguyen Dang Binh Thanh School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam
Chu Thi Hai Nam School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam
Hoang Huu Hiep School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam
Nguyen Hong Lien School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62239/jca.2025.027

Keywords:

Fatty acid amide, FAA, coconut oil, FAME, synthesis, optimization

Abstract

Fatty acid amide (FAA) was synthesized from coconut oil-derived methyl esters (FAME) via aminolysis with monoethanolamine (MEA) using calcium oxide (CaO) as a heterogeneous catalyst. The process was optimized through a central composite design (CCD), evaluating the effects of reaction temperature (100 ÷ 130°C), MEA/FAME molar ratio (1 ÷ 3), and catalyst loading (1 ÷ 3 wt%). Response surface methodology (RSM) and ANOVA analysis showed that all three factors significantly influenced the yield, with optimal conditions found at 118 ÷ 122°C, MEA/FAME = 2.1 ÷ 2.3, and catalyst loading of 2.1 ÷ 2.3%. The regression model demonstrated high predictive power (R² = 0.9738), supporting its use in future scale-up.

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Published

30-06-2025

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): June

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Experimental Optimization for the Synthesis of Fatty Acid Amides from Coconut Oil. (2025). Vietnam Journal of Catalysis and Adsorption, 14(2), 93-97. https://doi.org/10.62239/jca.2025.027